Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Essay on China Population Trends Practice Math Ia

Population Trends in China The goal of this mathematical study is to explore the different functions that best model the population of China from the years 1950 to 1995. Year | 1950 | 1955 | 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | Population in Millions | 554.8 | 609.0 | 657.5 | 729.2 | 830.7 | 927.8 | 998.9 | 1070.0 | 1155.3 | 1220.5 | Using the Chinese population data from 1950 to 1995, let us construct a graph using technology. Before graphing the data though, we must first determine the relevant variables, which are, the year and the population (in millions) of each coinciding year. The parameters are strictly confined to the data for the years 1950 and 1995 in the sense that the data cannot fall below the†¦show more content†¦Even looking at the data table for the function, we see that the data is very close to the original set of data. We know that in polynomial functions, the independent and dependent variables are directly related to each other. In this study the pattern of the original data indicates a continuous gradual incline, so as the years increase so will the population. The logistic function is different in the sense that while it will continue to increase, after awhile it will not increase as much and will begin to slow down until it stops increasing and levels off. The graphs below are to aid in the understanding of the concept. We are next given a set of data on the population trends in China from the 2008 World Economic Outlook published from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Year | 1983 | 1992 | 1997 | 2000 | 2003 | 2005 | 2008 | New Population in Millions | 1030.1 | 1171.7 | 1236.3 | 1267.4 | 1292.3 | 1307.6 | 1327.7 | We will start with the polynomial function and again choose three different points for the above data. So we will get: y= ax2 + bx +c 1030.1=a (19832) + b (1983) + c 1267.4=a (20002) + b (2000) + c 1327.7=a (20082) + b (2008) + c We can call the y-values matrix ‘B’ or [B]Show MoreRelatedAnnual Report Rolls-Royce78484 Words   |  314 Pagesbe identified by the fact that they do not relate only to historical or current facts. In particular, all statements that express forecasts, expectations and projections with respect to future matters, including trends in results of operations, margins, growth rates, overall market trends, the impact of interest or exchange rates, the availability of financing to the group, anticipated cost savings or synergies and the completion of the group’s strategic transactions, are forward-looking statementsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational BehaviorRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesthe Visual and Performing Arts 1 Foundations in Physical Development Foundations in Health Appendix: The Foundations iii A Message from the State Superintendent of Public Instruction I am delighted to present the Cali ­ for ­ ia Preschool Learning Founda ­ n tions (Volume 2). This publication is the second of a three-volume series designed to im ­ rove early learning and p develop ­ ent for California’s preschool m children. Young children are naturally eager to learnRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesResource Management Tenth Edition David A. DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Susan L. Verhulst Des Moines Area Community College Ankeny, IA John Wiley Sons, Inc. Associate Publisher Executive Editor Senior Editoral Assistant Marketing Manager Marketing Assistant Production Manager Senior Production Editor Freelance Development Editor Senior Designer Interior Design Senior MediaRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesof employees, while others have had to attract and retain employees with different capabilities than previously were needed. Additionally, pressures from global competitors have forced many U.S. firms to close facilities, adapt their management practices, and increase productivity and decrease labor costs in order to become more competitive. Finally, the explosive growth of information technology, particularly that linked to the Internet, has forced many changes throughout organizations of all typesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManagers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving Management Skills 12 An Approach to Skill Development 13 Leadership and Management 16 Contents of the Book 18 Organization of the Book 19 Practice and Application 21 Diversity and Individual Differences 21 Summary 23 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment of Management Skills (PAMS) 24 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 28 SSS SoftwareRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagess manual is available from John Wiley Sons, Inc., to faculty members who adopt the book for classroom use. Almost all of the case studies are factual. In most circumstances, the cases and situations have been taken from the author s consulting practice. Some educators prefer not to use case studies dated back to the 1970s and 1980s. It would xii PREFACE be easy just to change the dates but inappropriate in the eyes of the author. The circumstances surrounding these cases and situationsRead MoreHsc General Math Textbook with Answers153542 Words   |  615 Pagesrelevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2010 Edited by Marcia Bascombe Designed by Sylvia Witte Typeset by Aptara Corp. Printed in China by Printplus Limited. National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication data Powers, G. K. (Gregory K.) Cambridge HSC general mathematics / G. K. Powers. 9780521138345 (pbk.) Cambridge general mathematics. For secondary school age. Mathematics–Textbooks

Monday, December 16, 2019

Understanding the Proposed Benefits of Free Trade Free Essays

This theory, known as import substitution industrialization, is largely considered ineffective for currently developing nations. 3] Disadvantages of tariffs[edit] The pink regions are the net loss to society caused by the existence of the tariff. The chart at the right analyzes the effect of the imposition of an import tariff on some imaginary good. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding the Proposed Benefits of Free Trade or any similar topic only for you Order Now Prior to the tariff, the price of the good in the world market (and hence in the domestic market) is Pworld. The tariff increases the domestic price to Ptariff. The higher price causes domestic production to increase from QSI to QS2 and causes domestic consumption to decline from QCI to This has three main effects on societal welfare. Consumers are made worse off because the consumer urplus (green region) becomes smaller. Producers are better off because the producer surplus (yellow region) is made larger. The government also has additional tax revenue (blue region). However, the loss to consumers is greater than the gains by producers and the government. The magnitude of this societal loss is shown by the two pink triangles. Removing the tariff and having free trade would be a net gain for An almost identical analysis of this tariff from the perspective of a net producing country yields parallel results. From that country’s perspective, the ariff leaves producers worse off and consumers better off, but the net loss to producers is larger than the benefit to consumers (there is no tax revenue in this analysis, export tariffs, import quotas, and export quotas all yield nearly identical results. [l] Sometimes consumers are better off and producers worse off, and sometimes consumers are worse off and producers are better off, but the imposition of trade restrictions causes a net loss to society because the losses from trade restrictions are larger than the gains from trade restrictions. Free trade creates inners and losers, but theory and empirical evidence show that the size of the winnings from free trade are larger than the losses. [l] Trade diversion[edit] According to mainstream economic theory, the selective application of free trade agreements to some countries and tariffs on others can lead to economic inefficiency through the process of trade diversion. It is economically efficient for a good to be produced by the country which is the lowest cost producer, but this does not always take place if a high cost producer has a free trade agreement while the low cost roducer faces a high tariff. Applying free trade to the high cost producer (and not the low cost producer as well) can lead to trade diversion and a net economic loss. This is why many economists place such high importance on negotiations for global tariff reductions, such as the Doha Round. [l] Opinion of economists[edit] The literature analysing the economics of free trade is extremely rich with extensive work having been done on the theoretical and empirical effects. Though it creates winners and losers, the broad consensus among economists is that free trade is a arge and unambiguous net gain for society. [6][7] In a 2006 survey of American economists (83 responders), â€Å"87. 5% agree that the U. S. should eliminate remaining tariffs and other barriers to trade† and â€Å"90. 1% disagree with the suggestion that the U. S. should restrict employers from outsourcing work to foreign countries. â€Å"[8] Quoting Harvard economics professor N. Gregory Mankiw, â€Å"Few propositions command as much consensus among professional economists as that open world trade increases economic growth and raises living standards. â€Å"[9] Nonetheless, uoting Professor Peter Soderbaum of Malardalen University, Sweden, â€Å"This neoclassical trade theory focuses on one dimension, i. e. , the price at which a commodity can be delivered and is extremely narrow in cutting off a large number of other considerations about impacts on employment in different parts of the world, about environmental impacts and on culture. [10] Most economists would agree that although increasing returns to scale might mean that certain industry could settle in a geographical area without any strong economic reason derived from comparative dvantage, this is not a reason to argue against free trade because the absolute level of output enjoyed by both â€Å"winner† and â€Å"loser† will increase with the â€Å"winner† gaining more than the à ¢â‚¬Å"loser† but both gaining more than before in an absolute level. In the classic text An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Wealth of Nations), namely, in the passage â€Å"Of Restraints upon the Importation from Foreign Countries of such Goods as can be Produced at Home† economist Adam Smith describes reasons for allowing free trade. How to cite Understanding the Proposed Benefits of Free Trade, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Biomedical research on animals Essay Example For Students

Biomedical research on animals Essay Heart attacks, bladder failure, and lack of medical cures are all very serious problems that are killing people today. How can doctors learn more about these medical difficulties? Through animal testing doctors can obtain valid results regarding these medical problems and create cures for people with many other medical difficulties. The progression of medicine and the day to day life styles of the general population rely on the ethical practice of animal testing. The alternatives to animal testing are not very valid. â€Å"Artificial testing with computer simulations, have not reached a technological level at which these simulations can be trusted to give a valid results to experiments(3).† Also, human testing has many restrictions and guidelines that make it almost impossible to perform tests on humans that could mentally or physically harm the subject. Therefore, animals provide a necessary involvement in the tests being performed today because there are no other reliable, v alid sources for medical or cosmetic experimentation. Animal testing is imperative to the progression of medical cures, procedures and drugs. Animal research is constantly insuring the healthy future of others or a future at all for infants and children. â€Å"Recent advancements in biomedical research have led to better treatments for common childhood ailments(5).† â€Å"Today, vaccines developed through animal research have all but eradicated diseases such as small pox and polio and treat asthma, juvenile diabetes, childhood cancer and many other illnesses.(5)† This can be seen especially in the advancements of drugs used to cure and inhibit the HIV virus and diabetes. Today, doctors are able to â€Å"achieve long-term insulin independence in a small group of severely diabetic patients who had received pancreatic islet cell transplant, something previously achieved in experimental mice and primates but never before in humans(5).† Now people with sever even life threatening diabetes can receive relief from this dis ease. Without the necessary preliminary testing on mice, this procedure would not be possible. Think about it, a common rodent that people try to eliminate everyday is now saving peoples lives! But why animals? Are they really that biologically close to humans? Now some may argue that an animal’s anatomy is very different than that of a human’s anatomy, which is very true for the most part. However, what most people fail to realize is that certain parts of animal are almost identical to that of a humans. For example a pigs urinary track is very similar to a human’s, a cats throat is similar to that of a child’s and a dogs heart is similar to that of a human’s as well. Currently, artificial bladder transplant in pigs are being preformed and perfected so that bladder failure is no longer life threatening. People with complete bladder failure will someday be able to receive a new artificial bladder and not die as a result of this fatal medical complication. Pediatricians are using cats for practice as to be able to recognize any complications in the throat of children before future problems can occur. Doctors, by giving a dog a controlled hea rt attack can keep the dog alive but also study what parts of the heart will suffer the most dependent on where the heart attack occurred. This will allow doctors to be able to prevent future complications for heart attack victims. Yet, what are the alternatives to animal testing besides humans and why are they not as accountable? These alternatives can supplement work with live animals in some cases. â€Å"A tissue cultures for example, can help identify the potential toxicity or medical benefits of chemical compounds in the early stages of investigation. But compounds must also be tested on living systems-made up of interrelated organs and organ systems before they can be tried on human beings(3).† Tissue cultures allow for the study of nerves or establishing how many chromosomes are in the human cell. They can not simulate how a drug will flow through the body and how it will effect each part of the body. A tissue sample can not simulate loss sight or dizziness as a side effect of a new drug. Thus, a tissue culture is not a replacement for animals in today’s experiments. Computer testing can only simulate results. â€Å"A computer cannot tell you if there is going to be a mutation or a complic ation because it can only give you the probability of success or failure in the experiment.† No real life conclusion can be drawn from a computer simulation because computers can only know what we program them to know. Also, to reiterate, human testing guidelines are so strict that it is almost impossible for even psychologist to perform tests on people today in order to figure out, for example, how we as a race think and interpret the world. The Use of Animals in Biomedical Research EssayWorks Cited Animal Experimentation. 14 Jan. 2002 . Animal Research Fact vs. Myth. 14 Jan 2002 . Are There Valid Research Methods. 14 Jan. 2002 . Bad Company. 18 Jan. 2002 . Breaking the Diabetes Transplant Barrier. 14 Jan. 2002 . Fox, Michael Allen. The Case For Animal Experimentation. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986. The Argument Over Animal Testing